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Effects of BTA2 as the third component on the charge carrier generation and recombination behavior of

Leijing Liu, Hao Zhang, Bo Xiao, Yang Liu, Bin Xu, Chen Wang, Shanpeng Wen, Erjun Zhou, Gang Chen, Chan Im, Wenjing Tian

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第1期   页码 127-137 doi: 10.1007/s11705-020-1936-7

摘要： Effects of a benzotriazole (BTA)-based small molecule, BTA2, as the third component on the charge carrier generation and recombination behavior of poly[[4,8-bis[(2-ethylhexyl)oxy]benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene-2,6-diyl][3-fluoro-2-[(2-ethylhexyl)carbonyl]thieno[3,4-b]thiophenediyl]] (PTB7):[6,6]-phenyl-C -butyric acid methyl ester (PC BM) organic solar cells (OSCs) were investigated by optical simulation of a transfer matrix model (TMM), photo-induced charge extraction by linearly increasing voltage (photo-CELIV) technique, atomic force microscope (AFM), and the Onsager–Braun model analysis. BTA2 is an A A D A A -type non-fullerene small molecule with thiazolidine-2,4-dione, BTA, and indacenodithiophene as the terminal acceptor (A ), bridge acceptor (A ), and central donor (D), respectively. The short-circuit current density of the OSCs with BTA2 can be enhanced significantly owing to a complementary absorption spectrum. The optical simulation of TMM shows that the ternary OSCs exhibit higher internal absorption than the traditional binary OSCs without BTA2, resulting in more photogenerated excitons in the ternary OSCs. The photo-CELIV investigation indicates that the ternary OSCs suffer higher charge trap-limited bimolecular recombination than the binary OSCs. AFM images show that BTA2 aggravates the phase separation between the donor and the acceptor, which is disadvantageous to charge carrier transport. The Onsager-Braun model analysis confirms that despite the charge collection efficiency of the ternary OSCs being lower than that of the binary OSCs, the optimized photon absorption and exciton generation processes of the ternary OSCs achieve an increase in photogenerated current and thus improve power conversion efficiency.

关键词： third component     organic solar cells     charge carrier generation     charge carrier recombination     bimolecular recombination    

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Mechanisms of resistance to third-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第4期   页码 383-388 doi: 10.1007/s11684-016-0488-1

摘要：

The tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) are becoming the first line of therapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Acquired mutations in EGFR account for one of the major mechanisms of resistance to the TKIs. Three generations of EGFR TKIs have been used in clinical applications. AZD9291 (osimertinib; Tagrisso) is the first and only FDA approved third-generation EGFR TKI for T790M-positive advanced NSCLC patients. However, resistance to AZD9291 arises after 9–13 months of therapy. The mechanisms of resistance to third-generation inhibitors reported to date include the EGFR C797S mutation, EGFR L718Q mutation, and amplifications of HER-2, MET, or ERBB2. To overcome the acquired resistance to AZD9291, EAI045 was discovered and recently reported to be an allosteric EGFR inhibitor that overcomes T790M- and C797S-mediated resistance. This review summarizes recent investigations on the mechanisms of resistance to the EGFR TKIs, as well as the latest development of EAI045 as a fourth-generation EGFR inhibitor.

关键词： EGFR     tyrosine kinase inhibitor     AZD9291     EAI045    

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Targeting apoptosis to manage acquired resistance to third generation EGFR inhibitors

《医学前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第5期   页码 701-713 doi: 10.1007/s11684-022-0951-0

摘要： A significant clinical challenge in lung cancer treatment is management of the inevitable acquired resistance to third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs), such as osimertinib, which have shown remarkable success in the treatment of advanced NSCLC with EGFR activating mutations, in order to achieve maximal response duration or treatment remission. Apoptosis is a major type of programmed cell death tightly associated with cancer development and treatment. Evasion of apoptosis is considered a key hallmark of cancer and acquisition of apoptosis resistance is accordingly a key mechanism of drug acquired resistance in cancer therapy. It has been clearly shown that effective induction of apoptosis is a key mechanism for third generation EGFR-TKIs, particularly osimertinib, to exert their therapeutic efficacies and the development of resistance to apoptosis is tightly associated with the emergence of acquired resistance. Hence, restoration of cell sensitivity to undergo apoptosis using various means promises an effective strategy for the management of acquired resistance to third generation EGFR-TKIs.

关键词： acquired resistance     EGFR inhibitor     apoptosis     lung cancer    

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Dynamic analysis of composite beam subjected to harmonic moving load based on the third-order shear deformation

Mohammad Javad REZVANIL, Mohammad Hossein KARGARNOVIN, Davood YOUNESIAN

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第6卷 第4期   页码 409-418 doi: 10.1007/s11465-011-0245-8

摘要：

The response of an infinite Timoshenko beam subjected to a harmonic moving load based on the third-order shear deformation theory (TSDT) is studied. The beam is made of laminated composite, and located on a Pasternak viscoelastic foundation. By using the principle of total minimum potential energy, the governing partial differential equations of motion are obtained. The solution is directed to compute the deflection and bending moment distribution along the length of the beam. Also, the effects of two types of composite materials, stiffness and shear layer viscosity coefficients of foundation, velocity and frequency of the moving load over the beam response are studied. In order to demonstrate the accuracy of the present method, the results TSDT are compared with the previously obtained results based on first-order shear deformation theory, with which good agreements are observed.

关键词： timoshenko composite beam     pasternak viscoelastic foundation     third-order shear deformation theory (TSDT)     harmonic moving load    

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An exploratory study for predicting component reliability with new load conditions

Zhengwei HU, Xiaoping DU

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第14卷 第1期   页码 76-84 doi: 10.1007/s11465-018-0522-x

摘要： Reliability is important to design innovation. A new product should be not only innovative, but also reliable. For many existing components used in the new product, their reliability will change because the applied Loads are different from the ones for which the components are originally designed and manufactured. Then the new reliability must be re-evaluated. The system designers of the new product, however, may not have enough information to perform this task. With a beam problem as a case study, this study explores a feasible way to re-evaluate the component reliability with new Loads given the following information: The original reliability of the component with respect to the component Loads and the distributions of the new component Loads. Physics-based methods are employed to build the equivalent component limit-state function that can predict the component failure under the new Loads. Since the information is limited, the re-evaluated component reliability is given by its maximum and minimum values. The case study shows that good accuracy can be obtained even though the new reliability is provided with the aforementioned interval.

关键词： reliability     component     failure mode     prediction     random variable    

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Early assessment of the safety and immunogenicity of a third dose (booster) of COVID-19 immunization

《医学前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第1期   页码 93-101 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0914-x

摘要： Inducing durable and effective immunity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) via vaccination is essential to combat the current pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). It has been noticed that the strength of anti-COVID-19 vaccination-induced immunity fades over time, which calls for an additional vaccination regime, as known as booster immunization, to restore immunity among previously vaccinated populations. Here we report a pilot open-label trial of a third dose of BBIBP-CorV, an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (Vero cell), on 136 participants aged between 18 to 63 years. Safety and immunogenicity in terms of neutralizing antibody titers and cytokine/chemokine responses were analyzed as the main endpoint until day 28. While systemic reactogenicity was either absent or mild, SARS-CoV-2-specific neutralizing antibody titers rapidly arose in all participants within 4 weeks, surpassing the peak antibody titers elicited by the initial two-dose immunization regime. Broad increases of cellular immunity-associated cytokines and chemokines were also detected in the majority of participants after the third vaccination. Furthermore, in an exploratory study, a newly developed recombinant protein vaccine, NVSI-06-08 (CHO Cells), was found to be safe and even more effective than BBIBP-CorV in eliciting humoral immune responses in BBIBP-CorV-primed individuals. Together, these results indicate that a third immunization schedule with either homologous or heterologous vaccine showed favorable safety profiles and restored potent SARS-CoV-2-specific immunity, providing support for further trials of booster vaccination in larger populations.

关键词： COVID-19     SARS-CoV-2     vaccine     immunization     booster immunization    

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Improved resilience measure for component recovery priority in power grids

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第4期   页码 545-556 doi: 10.1007/s42524-021-0161-5

摘要： Given the complexity of power grids, the failure of any component may cause large-scale economic losses. Consequently, the quick recovery of power grids after disasters has become a new research direction. Considering the severity of power grid disasters, an improved power grid resilience measure and its corresponding importance measures are proposed. The recovery priority of failed components after a disaster is determined according to the influence of the failed components on the power grid resilience. Finally, based on the data from the 2019 Power Yearbook of each city in Shandong Province, China, the power grid resilience after a disaster is analyzed for two situations, namely, partial components failure and failure of all components. Result shows that the recovery priorities of components with different importance measures vary. The resilience evaluations under different repair conditions prove the feasibility of the proposed method.

关键词： resilience measure     power grid     importance measure     component recovery    

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Estimation of load and resistance factors using the third-moment method based on the 3P-lognormal distribution

Yan-Gang ZHAO, Zhao-Hui LU

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第3期   页码 315-322 doi: 10.1007/s11709-011-0117-7

摘要： Load and resistance factors are generally obtained using the first order reliability method (FORM) in which the design point should be determined and derivative-based iterations used. In this article, the third-moment reliability index, based on the three-parameter lognormal (3P-lognormal) distribution, is investigated. A simple method based on the third-moment method for estimating load and resistance factors is then proposed, and a simple formula for the target mean resistance is also presented to avoid iterative computations. Unlike the currently used method, the proposed method can be used to determine load and resistance factors, even when the probability density functions (PDFs) of the basic random variables are not available. Moreover, the proposed method does not require the iterative computation of derivatives or any design points. Thus, the method provides a more convenient and effective way to estimate load and resistance factors in practical engineering applications. Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the advantages of the proposed third moment method for determining load and resistance factors.

关键词： load and resistance factors     third-moment method     three-parameter lognormal (3P-lognormal) distribution     target mean resistance     simple formula    

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第三届全球重大挑战峰会

Bartolomeo Maggie

《工程（英文）》 2017年 第3卷 第4期   页码 434-435 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2017.04.018

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Molecular level simulations on multi-component systems —a morphology prediction method

C. SCHMIDT, J. ULRICH

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第1期   页码 49-54 doi: 10.1007/s11705-013-1307-8

摘要： The crystal morphology grown from a solution composed of an organic solvent, solute and additive can be predicted reliably by a computational method. Modeling the supersaturated solution as liquid phase is achieved by employing commercial software. The molecular composition of this solution is a required input parameter. The face specific diffusion coefficient of the solid (crystal surface) and liquid (solution) system is determined using the molecular dynamics procedure. The obtained diffusion coefficient is related to the specific face growth rate via the attachment energy of the pure morphology. The significant improvements are achieved in the morphology prediction because the investigation on the face growth rates in a complex growth environment (as multi-component solutions with additives) can be carried out based on the diffusion coefficients.

关键词： crystallization     morphology     molecular dynamics     solution    

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Robust optimization of the billet for isothermal local loading transitional region of a Ti-alloy rib-web component

Ke WEI, Xiaoguang FAN, Mei ZHAN, Miao MENG

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第13卷 第3期   页码 376-384 doi: 10.1007/s11465-018-0500-3

摘要：

Billet optimization can greatly improve the forming quality of the transitional region in the isothermal local loading forming (ILLF) of large-scale Ti-alloy rib-web components. However, the final quality of the transitional region may be deteriorated by uncontrollable factors, such as the manufacturing tolerance of the preforming billet, fluctuation of the stroke length, and friction factor. Thus, a dual-response surface method (RSM)-based robust optimization of the billet was proposed to address the uncontrollable factors in transitional region of the ILLF. Given that the die underfilling and folding defect are two key factors that influence the forming quality of the transitional region, minimizing the mean and standard deviation of the die underfilling rate and avoiding folding defect were defined as the objective function and constraint condition in robust optimization. Then, the cross array design was constructed, a dual-RSM model was established for the mean and standard deviation of the die underfilling rate by considering the size parameters of the billet and uncontrollable factors. Subsequently, an optimum solution was derived to achieve the robust optimization of the billet. A case study on robust optimization was conducted. Good results were attained for improving the die filling and avoiding folding defect, suggesting that the robust optimization of the billet in the transitional region of the ILLF was efficient and reliable.

关键词： isothermal local loading forming     rib-web component     transitional region     robust optimization     dual response surface method    

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Development of a multi-component drug from turmeric using central composite design

Xiaohang ZHANG,Shengnan HAN,Yan LI,Jianlan JIANG

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第3期   页码 362-368 doi: 10.1007/s11705-014-1439-5

摘要： A methodology to develop multi-component drugs based on traditional Chinese medicines has been developed using central composite design. Several active components from the traditional Chinese medicine turmeric were chosen for use in a multi-component antitumor drug. Response surface methodology based on a central composite design was applied to determine the quantitative composition-activity relationships in order to optimize the amount of each component in the drug. An MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay was used to measure the pharmacological activity as the response value. The experimental antitumor activity of the optimum combination was 92.85% in the MTT assay and superior to the activities of each single component. These results demonstrate that response surface methodology based on a central composite design is suitable for the design of multi-component drugs.

关键词： multi-component drug development     central composite design     turmeric     curcuminoids    

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第三代移动通信——现代无线技术面向IP的应用

邬贺铨

《中国工程科学》 2000年 第2卷 第8期   页码 69-75

摘要：

文章首先回顾了第一代（模拟）移动通信和第二代（数字）移动通信技术的演进，预测今后10年是移动通信大发展时期，它的用户将超过固定电话用户数。随着因特网的发展，移动通信业务将从话音扩展到数据，移动通信技术也将从电路模式发展到分组模式。文章在简介即将投入应用的第二代半移动通信技术之后，引出面向宽带多媒体应用的第三代移动通信（3GM），重点介绍了被选作3GM国际无线传输技术标准的几种主流方案及其关键技术，特别对其中由我国提交的TD-SCDMA方案的技术特点作了说明，最后展望了网络如何从第二代移动通信过渡到第三代移动通信及3GM核心网发展趋势。

关键词： 移动通信     第三代移动通信     码分多址     时分同步码分多址    

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Non-negativematrix factorization based unmixing for principal component transformed hyperspectral data

Xiu-rui GENG,Lu-yan JI,Kang SUN

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第17卷 第5期   页码 403-412 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1600028

摘要： Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) has been widely used in mixture analysis for hyperspectral remote sensing. When used for spectral unmixing analysis, however, it has two main shortcomings: (1) since the dimensionality of hyperspectral data is usually very large, NMF tends to suffer from large computational complexity for the popular multiplicative iteration rule; (2) NMF is sensitive to noise (outliers), and thus the corrupted data will make the results of NMF meaningless. Although principal component analysis (PCA) can be used to mitigate these two problems, the transformed data will contain negative numbers, hindering the direct use of the multiplicative iteration rule of NMF. In this paper, we analyze the impact of PCA on NMF, and find that multiplicative NMF can also be applicable to data after principal component transformation. Based on this conclusion, we present a method to perform NMF in the principal component space, named ‘principal component NMF’ (PCNMF). Experimental results show that PCNMF is both accurate and time-saving.

关键词： Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF)     Principal component analysis (PCA)     Endmember     Hyperspectral    

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of cutting parameters in high-speed milling based on grey relational analysis coupled with principal component

Tao FU, Jibin ZHAO, Weijun LIU

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第7卷 第4期   页码 445-452 doi: 10.1007/s11465-012-0338-z

摘要：

This paper investigates optimization problem of the cutting parameters in high-speed milling on NAK80 mold steel. An experiment based on the technology of Taguchi is performed. The objective is to establish a correlation among spindle speed, feed per tooth and depth of cut to the three directions of cutting force in the milling process. In this study, the optimum cutting parameters are obtained by the grey relational analysis. Moreover, the principal component analysis is applied to evaluate the weights so that their relative significance can be described properly and objectively. The results of experiments show that grey relational analysis coupled with principal component analysis can effectively acquire the optimal combination of cutting parameters and the proposed approach can be a useful tool to reduce the cutting force.

关键词： high-speed milling     grey relational analysis     principal component analysis     parameters optimization    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Effects of BTA2 as the third component on the charge carrier generation and recombination behavior of

Leijing Liu, Hao Zhang, Bo Xiao, Yang Liu, Bin Xu, Chen Wang, Shanpeng Wen, Erjun Zhou, Gang Chen, Chan Im, Wenjing Tian

期刊论文

Mechanisms of resistance to third-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors

null

期刊论文

Targeting apoptosis to manage acquired resistance to third generation EGFR inhibitors

期刊论文

Dynamic analysis of composite beam subjected to harmonic moving load based on the third-order shear deformation

Mohammad Javad REZVANIL, Mohammad Hossein KARGARNOVIN, Davood YOUNESIAN

期刊论文

An exploratory study for predicting component reliability with new load conditions

Zhengwei HU, Xiaoping DU

期刊论文

Early assessment of the safety and immunogenicity of a third dose (booster) of COVID-19 immunization

期刊论文

Improved resilience measure for component recovery priority in power grids

期刊论文

Estimation of load and resistance factors using the third-moment method based on the 3P-lognormal distribution

Yan-Gang ZHAO, Zhao-Hui LU

期刊论文

第三届全球重大挑战峰会

Bartolomeo Maggie

期刊论文

Molecular level simulations on multi-component systems —a morphology prediction method

C. SCHMIDT, J. ULRICH

期刊论文

Robust optimization of the billet for isothermal local loading transitional region of a Ti-alloy rib-web component

Ke WEI, Xiaoguang FAN, Mei ZHAN, Miao MENG

期刊论文

Development of a multi-component drug from turmeric using central composite design

Xiaohang ZHANG,Shengnan HAN,Yan LI,Jianlan JIANG

期刊论文

第三代移动通信——现代无线技术面向IP的应用

邬贺铨

期刊论文

Non-negativematrix factorization based unmixing for principal component transformed hyperspectral data

Xiu-rui GENG,Lu-yan JI,Kang SUN

期刊论文

of cutting parameters in high-speed milling based on grey relational analysis coupled with principal component

Tao FU, Jibin ZHAO, Weijun LIU

期刊论文